/** Zone memory management. -*- Mode: ObjC -*-
   Copyright (C) 1997,1998,1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Written by: Yoo C. Chung <wacko@laplace.snu.ac.kr>
   Date: January 1997

   This file is part of the GNUstep Base Library.

   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

   This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   Library General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
   Boston, MA 02111 USA.

    AutogsdocSource:	NSZone.m
    AutogsdocSource:	NSPage.m

   */

#ifndef __NSZone_h_GNUSTEP_BASE_INCLUDE
#define __NSZone_h_GNUSTEP_BASE_INCLUDE
#import	"GNUstepBase/GSVersionMacros.h"

/**
 * Primary structure representing an <code>NSZone</code>.  Technically it
 * consists of a set of function pointers for zone upkeep functions plus some
 * other things-
<example>
{
  // Functions for zone.
  void *(*malloc)(struct _NSZone *zone, size_t size);
  void *(*realloc)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr, size_t size);
  void (*free)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr);
  void (*recycle)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  BOOL (*check)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  BOOL (*lookup)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr);

  // Zone statistics (not always maintained).
  struct NSZoneStats (*stats)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  
  size_t gran;    // Zone granularity (passed in on initialization)
  NSString *name; // Name of zone (default is 'nil')
  NSZone *next;   // Pointer used for internal management of multiple zones.
}</example>
 */
typedef struct _NSZone NSZone;

#import	<Foundation/NSObjCRuntime.h>

@class NSString;

#if	defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif

struct _NSZone
{
  /* Functions for zone. */
  void *(*malloc)(struct _NSZone *zone, size_t size);
  void *(*realloc)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr, size_t size);
  void (*free)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr);
  void (*recycle)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  BOOL (*check)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  BOOL (*lookup)(struct _NSZone *zone, void *ptr);
  struct NSZoneStats (*stats)(struct _NSZone *zone);
  
  size_t gran; // Zone granularity
  __unsafe_unretained NSString *name; // Name of zone (default is 'nil')
  NSZone *next;
};

/**
 * Creates a new zone of start bytes, which will grow and shrink by
 * granularity bytes.  If canFree is 0, memory in zone is allocated but
 * never freed, meaning allocation will be very fast.  The whole zone can
 * still be freed with NSRecycleZone(), and you should still call NSZoneFree
 * on memory in the zone that is no longer needed, since a count of allocated
 * pointers is kept and must reach zero before freeing the zone.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, this function does nothing other than
 * log a warning and return the same value as the NSDefaultMallocZone()
 * function.
 */
GS_EXPORT NSZone*
NSCreateZone (NSUInteger start, NSUInteger gran, BOOL canFree);

/** Returns the default zone for memory allocation.  Memory created in this
 * zone is the same as memory allocates using the system malloc() function.
 */
GS_EXPORT NSZone*
NSDefaultMallocZone (void);

/**
 * Searches and finds the zone ptr was allocated from.  The speed depends
 * upon the number of zones and their size.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, this function always returns the
 * same as the NSDefaultMallocZone() function.
 */
GS_EXPORT NSZone*
NSZoneFromPointer (void *ptr);

/**
 * Allocates and returns memory for elems items of size bytes, in the
 * given zone.  Returns NULL if allocation of size 0 requested.  Raises
 * <code>NSMallocException</code> if not enough free memory in zone to
 * allocate and no more can be obtained from system, unless using the
 * default zone, in which case NULL is returned.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, this function always allocates
 * non-scanned, non-collectable memory in the NSDefaultMallocZone() and
 * the zone argument is ignored.
 */
GS_EXPORT void*
NSZoneMalloc (NSZone *zone, NSUInteger size);

/**
 * Allocates and returns cleared memory for elems items of size bytes, in the
 * given zone.  Returns NULL if allocation of size 0 requested.  Raises
 * <code>NSMallocException</code> if not enough free memory in zone to
 * allocate and no more can be obtained from system, unless using the
 * default zone, in which case NULL is returned.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, this function always allocates
 * non-scanned, non-collectable memory in the NSDefaultMallocZone() and
 * the zone argument is ignored.
 */
GS_EXPORT void*
NSZoneCalloc (NSZone *zone, NSUInteger elems, NSUInteger bytes);

/**
 * Reallocates the chunk of memory in zone pointed to by ptr to a new one of
 * size bytes.  Existing contents in ptr are copied over.  Raises an
 * <code>NSMallocException</code> if insufficient memory is available in the
 * zone and no more memory can be obtained from the system, unless using the
 * default zone, in which case NULL is returned.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, the zone argument is ignored.
 */
GS_EXPORT void*
NSZoneRealloc (NSZone *zone, void *ptr, NSUInteger size);

/**
 * Return memory for an entire zone to system.  In fact, this will not be done
 * unless all memory in the zone has been explicitly freed (by calls to
 * NSZoneFree()).  For "non-freeable" zones, the number of NSZoneFree() calls
 * must simply equal the number of allocation calls.  The default zone, on the
 * other hand, cannot be recycled.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, this function has not effect.
 */
GS_EXPORT void
NSRecycleZone (NSZone *zone);

/**
 * Frees memory pointed to by ptr (which should have been allocated by a
 * previous call to NSZoneMalloc(), NSZoneCalloc(), or NSZoneRealloc()) and
 * returns it to zone.  Note, if this is a nonfreeable zone, the memory is
 * not actually freed, but the count of number of free()s is updated.<br />
 * If Garbage Collection is enabled, the zone argument is ignored and this
 * function causes ptr to be deallocated immediately.
 */
GS_EXPORT void
NSZoneFree (NSZone *zone, void *ptr);

/**
 * Sets name of the given zone (useful for debugging and logging).
 */
GS_EXPORT void
NSSetZoneName (NSZone *zone, NSString *name);

/**
 * Returns the name of the given zone (useful for debugging and logging).
 */
GS_EXPORT NSString*
NSZoneName (NSZone *zone);

#if OS_API_VERSION(GS_API_NONE, GS_API_NONE)

/** Deprecated ...<br />
 * Checks integrity of a zone.  Not defined by OpenStep or OS X.
 */
BOOL
NSZoneCheck (NSZone *zone);

/**
 *  <code>NSZoneStats</code> is the structure returned by the NSZoneStats()
 *  function that summarizes the current usage of a zone.  It is similar to
 *  the structure <em>mstats</em> in the GNU C library.  It has 5 fields of
 *  type <code>size_t</code>-
 *  <deflist>
 *    <term><code>bytes_total</code></term>
 *    <desc>
 *    This is the total size of memory managed by the zone, in bytes.</desc>
 *    <term><code>chunks_used</code></term>
 *    <desc>This is the number of memory chunks in use in the zone.</desc>
 *    <term><code>bytes_used</code></term>
 *    <desc>This is the number of bytes in use.</desc>
 *    <term><code>chunks_free</code></term>
 *    <desc>This is the number of memory chunks that are not in use.</desc>
 *    <term><code>bytes_free</code></term>
 *    <desc>
 *    This is the number of bytes managed by the zone that are not in use.
 *    </desc>
 *  </deflist>
 */
struct NSZoneStats
{
  size_t bytes_total;
  size_t chunks_used;
  size_t bytes_used;
  size_t chunks_free;
  size_t bytes_free;
};

/** Deprecated ...<br />
 *  Obtain statistics about the zone.  Implementation emphasis is on
 *  correctness, not speed.  Not defined by OpenStep or OS X.
 */
struct NSZoneStats
NSZoneStats (NSZone *zone);

/**
 * Try to get more memory - the normal process has failed.
 * If we can't do anything, just return a null pointer.
 * Try to do some logging if possible.
 */
void*
GSOutOfMemory(NSUInteger size, BOOL retry);

/**
 * Called during +initialize to tell the class that instances created
 * in future should have the specified instance variable as a weak
 * pointer for garbage collection.<br />
 * NB. making a pointer weak does not mean that it is automatically
 * zeroed when the object it points to is garbage collected. To get that
 * behavior you must asign values to the pointer using the
 * GSAssignZeroingWeakPointer() function.<br />
 * This function has no effect if the system is
 * not built for garbage collection.
 */
GS_EXPORT void
GSMakeWeakPointer(Class theClass, const char *iVarName);

/**
 * This function must be used to assign a value to a zeroing weak pointer.<br />
 * A zeroing weak pointer is one where, when the garbage collector collects
 * the object pointed to, it also clears the weak pointer.<br />
 * Assigning zero (nil) will always succeed and has the effect of telling the
 * garbage collector that it no longer needs to track the previously assigned
 * object.  Apart from that case, a source needs to be garbage collectable for
 * this function to work, and using a non-garbage collectable value will
 * cause the function to return NO.<br />
 * If the destination object (the weak pointer watching the source object)
 * belongs to a chunk of memory which may be collected before the source
 * object is collected, it is important that it is finalised and the
 * finalisation code assigns zero to the pointer.<br />
 * If garbage collection is not in use, this function performs a simple
 * assignment returning YES, unless destination is null in which case it
 * returns NO.
 */
GS_EXPORT BOOL
GSAssignZeroingWeakPointer(void **destination, void *source);

#endif

GS_EXPORT NSUInteger
NSPageSize (void) __attribute__ ((const));

GS_EXPORT NSUInteger
NSLogPageSize (void) __attribute__ ((const));

GS_EXPORT NSUInteger
NSRoundDownToMultipleOfPageSize (NSUInteger bytes) __attribute__ ((const));

GS_EXPORT NSUInteger
NSRoundUpToMultipleOfPageSize (NSUInteger bytes) __attribute__ ((const));

GS_EXPORT NSUInteger
NSRealMemoryAvailable (void);

GS_EXPORT void*
NSAllocateMemoryPages (NSUInteger bytes);

GS_EXPORT void
NSDeallocateMemoryPages (void *ptr, NSUInteger bytes);

GS_EXPORT void
NSCopyMemoryPages (const void *src, void *dest, NSUInteger bytes);

#if OS_API_VERSION(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_4, OS_API_LATEST)

enum {
  NSScannedOption = (1<<0),
  NSCollectorDisabledOption = (1<<1)
};

/** Allocate memory.  If garbage collection is not enabled this uses the
 * default malloc zone and the options are ignored.<br />
 * If garbage collection is enabled, the allocate memory is normally not
 * scanned for pointers but is itsself garbage collectable.  The options
 * argument is a bitmask in which NSScannedOption sets the memory to be
 * scanned for pointers by the garbage collector, and
 * NSCollectorDisabledOption causes the memory to be excempt from being
 * garbage collected itsself.<br />
 * In any case the memory returned is zero'ed.
 */
GS_EXPORT void *
NSAllocateCollectable(NSUInteger size, NSUInteger options);

/** Reallocate memory to be of a different size and/or to have different
 * options settings.  The behavior of options is as for
 * the NSAllocateCollectable() function.
 */ 
GS_EXPORT void *
NSReallocateCollectable(void *ptr, NSUInteger size, NSUInteger options);

#endif

#if	defined(__cplusplus)
}
#endif

#endif /* not __NSZone_h_GNUSTEP_BASE_INCLUDE */
